2 Je krotkost klíčem k domestikaci? Beljajevovy lišky

V této epizodě se podíváme na slavné Beljajevovy lišky – dlouhodobý chov, který měl ukázat, co se stane, když vybíráme zvířata pouze podle jejich chování k člověku. Jak rychle se mohou objevit změny podobné těm, které známe od psů? A opravdu tím vysvětlíme proces domestikace, nebo je realita složitější? 

Zdroje: 

1) Belyaev D. K. (1979). Destabilizing selection as a factor in domestication. The Journal of Heredity.

2) Dugatkin L. A. (2018). The silver fox domestication experiment. Evo Edu Outreach. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12052-018-0090-x 

3) Trut L., Oskina I., Kharlamova A. (2009). Animal evolution during domestication: the domesticated fox as a model. BioEssays: news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology. https://doi.org/10.1002/bies.200800070 

4) Trut L. N., Plyusnina I. Z., Oskina I. N. (2004). An Experiment on Fox Domestication and Debatable Issues of Evolution of the Dog. Russian Journal of Genetics. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:RUGE.0000033312.92773.c1 

5) Trut L. (1999). Early Canid Domestication: The Farm-Fox Experiment. American Scientist. https://www.americanscientist.org/article/early-canid-domestication-the-farm-fox-experiment 

6) Dugatkin L. A., Dugatkin A. (2024). The Daring Russian Geneticist Whose Experiments on Silver Foxes Explained Domestication Has Died. Sci Am. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-daring-russian-geneticist-whose-experiments-on-silver-foxes-explained/ 

7) Wang X., Pipes L., Trut L. N., Herbeck Y., Vladimirova A. V., Gulevich R. G., Kharlamova A. V., Johnson J. L., Acland G. M., Kukekova A. V., Clark A. G. (2018). Genomic responses to selection for tame/aggressive behaviors in the silver fox (Vulpes vulpes). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1800889115 

8) Kukekova A. V., Trut L. N., Chase K. et al. (2008). Measurement of Segregating Behaviors in Experimental Silver Fox Pedigrees. Behav. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10519-007-9180-1 

9) Mukhamedshina I.A., Kharlamova A.V. (2024). Does Long-Term Selection for Reactions to Humans Affect Decision-Making during Learning in Foxes?. Neurosci Behav Physi. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11055-024-01738-z 

10) Lord K. A., Larson G., Coppinger R. P., Karlsson E. K. (2020). The History of Farm Foxes Undermines the Animal Domestication Syndrome. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2019.10.011 

11) Albert F. W., Carlborg O., Plyusnina I., Besnier F., Hedwig D., Lautenschläger S., Lorenz D., McIntosh J., Neumann C., Richter H., Zeising C., Kozhemyakina R., Shchepina O., Kratzsch J., Trut L., Teupser D., Thiery J., Schöneberg T., Andersson L., Pääbo S. (2009). Genetic architecture of tameness in a rat model of animal domestication. Genetics. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.109.102186 

12) Tancredi D., Cardinali I. (2023). Being a dog: a review of the domestication process. Genes. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14050992 

13) Wilkins A. S., Wrangham R. W., Fitch W. T. (2014). The "Domestication Syndrome" in Mammals: A Unified Explanation Based on Neural Crest Cell Behavior and Genetics. Genetics. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.114.165423 

Videa z experimentu: 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-L58NPPQ5eI

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mzTcmE-pMLU

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2sPNYfGmxyA&t=61s

Obrázek liščete: Dugatkin, L. A. (2018). The silver fox domestication experiment. Evolution: Education and Outreach. CC-BY 4.0. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12052-018-0090-x